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What's the difference between a Monolith application and an API-Client architecture?

Author Kamil Zawadzki Managing Partner
3 min read 2021-06-15
The debate between monolithic (Monolith) and microservices (API-Client) architectures is a prevalent topic in software development. It's important to note that there is no definitive answer as to which approach is superior. The choice between monolithic and microservices architectures should be based on various factors, including the project's specific needs, available time, budget constraints, and desired system functionalities. In this discussion, we aim to delve into the details of both architectures, highlighting their respective advantages and disadvantages to provide a clearer understanding of the implications of choosing one over the other.

What is a monolith-type architecture?

The Monolith architecture is considered a traditional approach to software development, rooted in the early practices of basing an entire system on a single application. This approach refers to an era when computing was often centralized, with a single powerful server managing tasks for multiple clients. A Monolithic system is characterized by its unified structure, where the user interface, business logic, data management, and application functionalities are all integrated into one indivisible unit. This architecture allows for linear development and comprehensive control over every aspect of the application's operations.

However, a significant drawback of the Monolithic architecture is its scalability issue. As the tasks' complexity and the data volume increase, so does the system's complexity, requiring more computing power to manage effectively. Over time, a Monolithic system can grow to a size that is difficult to manage, update, or scale, making it cumbersome and less flexible in adapting to new requirements or technological advancements.

What is the API-Client architecture?

The Api-Client architecture, also called microservices, was developed as a solution to the drawbacks of monolithic systems. This method divides tasks into distinct microservices, each acting as a modular component within a more extensive service network. While microservices can operate independently, they typically function collaboratively within a system, contributing to a unified process. Unlike monolithic architectures, where a single application handles all operations, microservices allow for a single user interface with backend calls distributed among various services, preventing system overload. A significant benefit of this architecture is the ease of updating, adding, or removing microservices without disrupting the entire application ecosystem.

Communication between these microservices is managed through APIs, ensuring each service remains autonomous while serving a specific, defined role within the application.

Comparison

Advantages of Monolithic Architecture:

Disadvantages of Monolithic Architecture:

Advantages of Microservices Architecture:

Disadvantages of Microservices Architecture:

Conclusion

Determining whether a monolithic architecture surpasses a client-API (microservices) architecture is not straightforward, as each approach has its merits and is preferable under specific circumstances. The decision hinges on various factors, including the project's objectives, available budget, and the timeframe allocated for the system's development and deployment. Monolithic applications are more appropriate for smaller projects where budget constraints are considered. Conversely, a microservices architecture offers numerous benefits for larger, more complex projects, making it a more suitable choice in such scenarios.

Kamil Zawadzki
Managing Partner
A dynamic leader with a strong technical background in software development. He advocates for SOLID architecture and KISS solutions, always aligning his approach with business needs.
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